文艺复兴时期建筑(Renaissance architecture)
一种建筑风格，反映古典文化的再生。起始於15世纪早期的佛罗伦斯，後来扩展到整个欧洲，取代了中世纪的哥德式风格。复兴古罗马的形式，包括廊柱和圆拱，地道的拱顶以及圆屋顶。基本的设计要素是柱式。古典建筑的知识来自古建筑的废墟以及维特鲁威的着作。像古希腊时期那样，比例成为美的最重要因素；文艺复兴时期的建筑师们发现了人的比例与建筑之间的和谐。对比例的关心表现为明晰和容易理解的空间和形体，使文艺复兴时期的风格与更复杂的哥德式风格区分开来。布鲁内莱斯基是第一位文艺复兴时期的建筑师。阿尔贝蒂在维特鲁威启发下写的《关於建筑的十本书》成为文艺复兴时期建筑的「圣经」。早期的文艺复兴风格从佛罗伦斯扩展至整个义大利。布拉曼特移居罗马带来了文艺复兴时期的高潮（约1500～1520）。文艺复兴後期（1520～1600）的风格过於强调个人特色，特点是精巧讲究、复杂和新奇，而不再是文艺复兴高潮时期的和谐、明晰和宁静。文艺复兴後期也出现了不少建筑理论，塞里奥（1475～1554）、维尼奥拉（1507～1573）和帕拉弟奥等人都发表了有影响的书籍。
English version：
Renaissance architecture
Style of architecture, reflecting the rebirth of Classical culture, that originated in Florence in the early 15th century and spread throughout Europe, replacing the medieval Gothic style. There was a revival of ancient Roman forms, including the column and round arch, the tunnel vault, and the dome. The basic design element was the order. Knowledge of Classical architecture came from the ruins of ancient buildings and the writings of Vitruvius. As in the Classical period, proportion was the most important factor of beauty; Renaissance architects found a harmony between human proportions and buildings. This concern for proportion resulted in clear, easily comprehended space and mass, which distinguishes the Renaissance style from the more complex Gothic. Filippo Brunelleschi is considered the first Renaissance architect. Leon Battista Alberti's Ten Books on Architecture, inspired by Vitruvius, became a bible of Renaissance architecture. From Florence the early Renaissance style spread through Italy. Donato Bramante's move to Rome ushered in the High Renaissance (c. 1500-20). Mannerism, the style of the Late Renaissance (1520-1600), was characterized by sophistication, complexity, and novelty rather than the harmony, clarity, and repose of the High Renaissance. The Late Renaissance also saw much architectural theorizing, with Sebastiano Serlio (1475-1554), Giacomo da Vignola (1507-1573), and Andrea Palladio publishing influential books.
